The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends that women with breasts should start getting screened for breast cancer every other year starting at age 40, rather than at age 50 as previously recommended. This change is intended to help detect more breast cancers at earlier stages, particularly benefiting Black women who are at higher risk for aggressive cancers at younger ages. The guidelines also emphasize the need for more research in areas such as screening for older individuals and the effectiveness of additional screening methods like ultrasound or MRI for those with dense breasts.
The decision to change the recommendations was based on data showing an increase in invasive breast cancer diagnoses among women in their 40s, as well as a review of the latest science on breast cancer screening. Modeling studies indicated that biannual screening starting at age 40 provided the most favorable balance of benefits and harms, with the potential to avert 1.3 deaths for every 1,000 women screened. However, some experts suggest that biannual screening may not be sufficient to detect aggressive breast cancers in younger individuals, advocating for annual mammograms as the more appropriate approach.
While annual mammograms may lead to more false-positive results and unnecessary biopsies, some research shows that women who undergo such testing still find reassurance in the process and are not harmed by it. Different expert groups have varying recommendations on the age and frequency of breast cancer screening, with some advocating for annual screening starting at age 40, while others suggest biannual screening may be adequate. Insurance coverage for the new guidelines is also a consideration, as additional imaging for patients with dense breasts may not be covered under current policies.
To determine when to start screening for breast cancer, individuals should consult with their doctors to assess their risk factors, including age, family history, and genetic risks. Regular discussions with healthcare providers can help tailor a screening plan that is appropriate based on individual circumstances and goals. For those with an average risk for breast cancer, screening may start at age 40 and continue every other year until at least age 75. Those with elevated risk factors may require earlier and more frequent screening to ensure early detection and treatment of breast cancer.
