Researchers are increasingly interested in the health risks of chemical additives in microplastics. A new study used 3D human skin-equivalent models to examine how flame retardant additives in microplastics are absorbed by the skin. The findings demonstrated that several flame-retardant additives passed through the skin barrier. Research is progressing in exploring the potential dangers of microplastics and how people may be exposed and affected. A study published in Environment International examined how certain flame retardants added to plastic can be absorbed through the skin. Researchers found that the skin could absorb up to 8% of the exposure dose, with specific amounts varying. However, the amount of additives that entered the bloodstream did not exceed 0.14% of what was initially present in the microplastics.
Microplastics are tiny plastic particles smaller than 5 millimeters, and humans are commonly exposed to them, raising concerns about the potential health risks. Of greater concern are the chemical additives found in microplastics, such as flame retardants and plasticizers, which have been linked to adverse health effects like endocrine disruption, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and cancer. The study used 3-dimensional human skin equivalent models to examine how exposure to microplastics and flame retardants affects absorption and potential entry into the bloodstream. The study found that while several flame retardant chemicals could pass through the skin barrier and reach the equivalent of the human bloodstream, only a small amount actually made it into the bloodstream. Skin hydration was found to impact the absorption of flame-retardant chemicals, with sweatier skin increasing dermal bioavailability.
The research has significant implications for addressing the health risks associated with exposure to dangerous chemicals in microplastics. The study authors suggest that regulators and policymakers should legislate for microplastics to safeguard public health against exposure to toxic additive chemicals linked to cancer and disruption of the endocrine system. However, the study has limitations, as skin models cannot fully replicate real-world exposures. Additionally, the study examined a limited number of flame retardant types, leaving room for future research to explore other flame retardants and chemicals. Future studies could investigate the dangers of exposure to microplastics through the skin barrier and develop strategies to minimize potential health risks.
As more information emerges on the dangers of microplastics, there may be various strategies to address the issue. Scientists could develop flame retardants that are not hazardous and explore ways to tackle microplastic buildup. Efforts could also focus on using less-flammable materials to reduce reliance on harmful chemicals. Designing out hazardous chemicals from products through functional substitution could help achieve equivalent product performance without the risks. Ultimately, the study emphasizes the importance of understanding and mitigating the health implications of exposure to dangerous chemicals in microplastics and calls for action to protect public health. Researchers are encouraged to continue investigating the potential health risks associated with microplastics and explore alternative solutions to minimize these risks.
