A new study has found that GLP-1 drugs such as Ozempic result in long-term weight loss and slimmer waistlines, with about half of participants being able to significantly reduce their body mass index scores. Semaglutide, found in medications like Ozempic, Rybelsus, and Wegovy, has shown dramatic benefits for people with obesity and weight management issues. One study, involving 17,000 adults without diabetes who were overweight or obese, found an average weight loss of 10% and a reduction in waistline measurements of over 7 centimeters over four years. This study suggests that GLP-1 drugs are more effective than other popular weight-loss medications.
The study also revealed that more than half of participants moved down at least one BMI category after two years of taking semaglutide, compared to a placebo group. Additionally, 12% reached a healthy BMI, as opposed to just 1% of the placebo group. Waist circumference measurements were specifically targeted due to their association with inflammation and heart disease risk. The results of the study indicate that semaglutide has the potential to impact public health by reducing the burden of obesity-related illnesses.
A companion study from researchers at University College London found that GLP-1 drugs also seemed to benefit the cardiovascular system, regardless of weight loss amount or starting weight. While the study did not include people with diabetes, it is believed that semaglutide would produce similar outcomes for individuals with diabetes by slowing down food absorption and controlling blood sugar metabolism, which are key factors in cardiovascular health. Positive outcomes were seen across all genders, races, ages, regions, and body sizes compared to placebo effects.
The side effects of semaglutide treatment may include gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea and diarrhea, as well as a higher risk of developing gallbladder stones. However, the study found that negative symptoms were lower among semaglutide recipients compared to the placebo group. The research was presented at the May 2024 European Congress on Obesity and was based on data from the ongoing SELECT trial, which began in 2018. In 2023, studies from the SELECT trial data showed that taking semaglutide for more than three years reduced the risk of heart attack, stroke, and death from cardiovascular disease by 20%.
The researchers involved in the study believe that further research is needed to determine the long-term impact of GLP-1 treatment beyond four years and to assess if weight loss and cardiovascular benefits can be sustained. Conducting follow-up studies focusing on heart-healthy diets and moderate-intensity exercise alongside semaglutide or tirzepatide use would also be helpful. Overall, the findings suggest that GLP-1 drugs like semaglutide have the potential to revolutionize weight loss strategies and improve overall cardiovascular health in individuals with obesity and weight management issues.
