Playing contact sports has been linked to the development of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a brain disorder caused by repeated head injuries. A new study found that athletes who developed CTE from contact sports have a high risk of Parkinsonism, a movement disorder similar to Parkinson’s disease. Some individuals with Parkinsonism may later develop Parkinson’s disease. The study revealed a strong link between contact sports and Parkinsonism, with a 50% increase in the risk of damage to the brain’s movement-controlling area for every eight years of playing contact sports.
The researchers examined 481 post-mortem brain donations, with 119 individuals showing signs of Parkinsonism. Those with more severe CTE were more likely to develop Parkinsonism, with 24.7% of individuals with CTE also having Parkinsonism. Parkinsonism is a progressive movement disorder that can sometimes evolve into Parkinson’s disease. It includes various forms like Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Multiple system atrophy (MSA), Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and Corticobasal degeneration (CBD). The symptoms of Parkinsonism typically start subtly, with early indications being tremors, stiffness, and slowed movements that progress over many years, leading to severe mobility issues and cognitive decline.
CTE results from repeated head impacts that cause damage to nerve fibers in the brainstem. These injuries are common in sports such as American football, boxing, soccer, ice hockey, and rugby. Diagnosing CTE can be challenging, as it can only be confirmed through an examination of the brain after death. The study emphasized that the cumulative effect of repeated head impacts increases the risk of developing CTE, with rotational acceleration playing a significant role in CTE risk. Warning signs of CTE to watch out for include cognitive impairment, mood and behavioral changes, early signs of motor dysfunction, and issues with sleep.
CTE is characterized by cognitive decline and neurobehavioral dysregulation. Symptoms may include memory problems, executive dysfunction, difficulty with concentration, increased aggression, depression, anxiety, impulsivity, changes in gait or balance, and fine motor skill control. Anyone experiencing symptoms of CTE is advised to seek medical evaluation from an expert. The study suggests a need for more awareness of the risks associated with playing contact sports and the potential long-term consequences on brain health. Further research is needed to better understand the relationship between contact sports, CTE, and Parkinsonism, and to develop strategies for early detection and prevention.
