As we age, our bodies go through significant changes both externally and internally, with researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine finding that humans experience two major changes in their molecules and microorganisms around ages 44 and 60. These age-related molecular changes are associated with certain health risks, including cardiovascular disease. While some changes are visible, such as graying hair and wrinkles, many of these alterations occur internally at the organ, tissue, and cellular levels. A recent study published in Nature Aging involved analyzing data from 108 participants aged 25 to 75, tracking changes in their bodies’ molecules and microbiomes over an average of 1.7 years.
The research team at Stanford University School of Medicine tracked age-related changes in more than 135,000 different molecules and microbes in almost 250 million distinct data points. They found that about 81% of the identified molecules and microbes undergo more significant changes at certain ages, with the most pronounced changes occurring in the mid-40s and early 60s. The changes in the 40s were unexpected, potentially due to mid-life crises and lifestyle factors, while those in the 60s coincided with increased disease risk and immune system decline. The most significant changes were linked to cardiovascular disease, skin and muscle health, immune regulation, and metabolic functions.
Researchers suggest that tracking these age-related changes can lead to early intervention to reduce the impact of aging-related health problems. For instance, getting on statins in the 40s, exercising regularly throughout life, and staying hydrated and consuming immune-boosting foods in the 60s could help individuals live longer, healthier lives. Cheng-Han Chen, MD from MemorialCare Saddleback Medical Center noted that understanding these biochemical changes at specific life stages can provide targets for therapies, and further research is needed to uncover the mechanisms behind the changes around ages 40 and 60.
Manisha Parulekar, MD from Hackensack University Medical Center highlighted the importance of understanding aging processes and the interplay of various factors like genetics, lifestyle, environment, and disease. She emphasized the need for preventive interventions early on, especially for chronic conditions like diabetes and Alzheimer’s. By analyzing data on the dynamic fluctuations of molecules and microbes throughout life, healthcare providers can educate patients on the importance of lifestyle modifications to maintain health and prevent disease. This study contributes to the growing understanding of the biological mechanisms of aging and may lead to new therapies for age-related diseases like cardiovascular disease.
