Binge eating disorder affects an estimated 1% to 3% of people in the United States, with experts stating that treatment and management of the disorder can be a lifelong process. Previous studies have shown conflicting views on how long the disorder lasts and the likelihood of relapse. A new study by researchers from McLean Hospital in Massachusetts found that 61% of people diagnosed with binge eating disorder will still experience the condition 2.5 years later, and 45% will still experience it five years after their initial diagnosis. These results contradict previous studies that suggested faster remission times, highlighting the need for better care for those with the disorder.
The study followed 137 adults with binge eating disorder over a five-year period, finding that most participants still experienced binge eating episodes after five years, although many showed improvements. The researchers noted that after 2.5 years, 61% of subjects still had the disorder, and after five years, 46% met the full criteria for binge eating disorder. Furthermore, 35% of individuals who were in remission at the 2.5-year follow-up had relapsed by the 5-year follow-up. This reinforces the chronic nature of binge eating disorder and the need for ongoing support and intervention.
The researchers also found that treatment appeared to lead to faster remission and that there were no strong predictors for the duration of the disorder, suggesting that no one demographic or clinical factor significantly impacted the course of the disorder. The study highlighted the need for increased awareness and screening for binge eating disorder to catch individuals earlier and provide timely intervention. The research team is now investigating and developing treatment options for binge eating disorder, including neuroimaging studies to better understand the neurobiology involved and identify individuals who would benefit from treatment.
Experts not involved in the study emphasized that relapse with binge eating disorder is critical and can indicate that underlying causes of the disorder were not fully addressed in initial treatment. Recovery from binge eating disorder requires not only managing eating behaviors but also developing coping strategies for stress and emotional challenges. Lifestyle changes such as stress management, physical activity, and social support, as well as therapies like dialectical behavioral therapy, are often part of treatment for binge eating disorder. Professional assistance and medication, such as FDA-approved drugs for binge eating disorder, may also be beneficial in treatment.
Overall, the study’s findings highlight the chronic nature of binge eating disorder and the importance of ongoing support and intervention for individuals with the disorder. Binge eating disorder can last for years, and many people may experience relapse even after periods of remission. Recognizing the disorder and providing early intervention are crucial steps in improving outcomes for those with binge eating disorder. Further research on effective treatment options, including neuroimaging studies and drug interventions, may help support individuals struggling with binge eating disorder in the future.
