The upcoming total solar eclipse in Canada is causing excitement among space enthusiasts, who are advised to wear red and green clothing during the event. This recommendation is based on the Purkinje effect, a phenomenon first described by Czech physiologist Johannes Purkinje in 1823. Purkinje discovered that in bright environments, red colours appear more luminous, while in low-light environments, blues appear brighter. This effect is particularly noticeable during the eclipse as the transition from bright to low light happens rapidly. Jeff Horvis, an associate professor at the University of Waterloo, recommends wearing red and green together to enhance the contrast during the eclipse.
The Purkinje effect is a result of how our eyes react to changing light conditions. In dim light, our vision is primarily guided by rod cells, which help us see in the dark. In bright conditions, cone cells, which detect color, are more active. Red objects reflect long wavelengths of light, while shorter wavelengths appear as green and blue. Rod cells are more sensitive to short wavelengths, making blues and greens appear brighter in dim light. The Purkinje effect cannot be captured by digital cameras and is a unique quirk of human eyes.
Eclipse watchers are advised to wear eclipse glasses on Monday to protect their eyes. The sun can still cause permanent damage even when it dims during an eclipse. The Purkinje effect may be more apparent if observers take off their eclipse glasses and look at their surroundings (ensuring to never look directly at the sun without protective equipment). Eclipse glasses are very dark, so the sudden shift in light levels after removing them may make the Purkinje effect more noticeable. It is important to prioritize eye safety during the eclipse.
The Purkinje effect occurs as the environment transitions from bright to low light, with red objects appearing muted in comparison to blues and greens. This effect is heightened during a total solar eclipse, as the change in light levels happens quickly. By wearing red and green clothing together, eclipse viewers can enhance the contrast and observe the Purkinje effect more clearly. This optical illusion is a result of the way our eyes and brains interpret light, and not the actual colors themselves.
As space enthusiasts prepare to witness the total solar eclipse, they should keep in mind the unique phenomenon of the Purkinje effect and the impact it can have on color perception during the event. Wearing red and green clothing, along with eclipse glasses for eye protection, will enhance the viewing experience. The Purkinje effect is a fascinating example of how our eyes and brain process light and color, creating a visual spectacle during natural phenomena like eclipses. Enjoy the celestial event while staying safe and taking in the wonders of the universe.
