Scurvy, a disease caused by vitamin C deficiency, which was prevalent among sailors and pirates in the past, is experiencing a re-emergence due to the increasing cost of living and the popularity of weight loss surgery. Despite being viewed as a disease of the past, sporadic cases of scurvy still occur, particularly in the elderly, individuals with alcoholism, and children with psychiatric or developmental issues. In a recent study published in BMJ Case Reports, Australian doctors from Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital reported on the case of a middle-aged man who experienced symptoms of scurvy, such as a painful rash on his legs, anemia, and other nutritional deficiencies.
The unidentified patient, who was an ex-smoker and unemployed, had poor living conditions and financial constraints which led to neglecting his diet. After undergoing gastric bypass surgery to lose weight eight years earlier, he stopped taking the prescribed vitamin and mineral supplements due to financial limitations, leading to the development of scurvy. His symptoms included skin rash, anemia, and blood in the urine. Following a diagnosis of scurvy, he was treated with vitamin C supplementation, a multivitamin, and a new dietary plan that included consuming a lemon daily. His symptoms improved with this treatment, highlighting the importance of prompt recognition and treatment of scurvy.
In the US, recent research has shown an increase in the incidence of scurvy in children, with risk factors including poor nutrition, low income, obesity, and certain medical conditions such as autism. The recommended daily intake of vitamin C for adults is 90 milligrams for men and 75 milligrams for women, with some individuals requiring higher amounts due to specific circumstances or medical conditions. Scurvy signs can appear within a month of consuming less than 10 milligrams of vitamin C daily, emphasizing the importance of adequate nutrient intake to prevent this condition.
While scurvy is still considered rare in developed countries, the recent cases highlight the importance of ensuring an adequate intake of vitamin C through diet or supplementation. The disease is easily reversible with prompt treatment, and failure to do so could lead to severe complications such as hemorrhage. Despite the availability of foods and supplements containing sufficient amounts of vitamin C, certain populations remain at risk of developing scurvy due to various factors. Educating individuals about the importance of a balanced diet and ensuring access to proper nutrition can help prevent the re-emergence of scurvy in the modern era.
Overall, the study sheds light on the continuing relevance of scurvy as a public health concern, particularly in vulnerable populations with limited access to adequate nutrition. By raising awareness about the risk factors and symptoms of scurvy, healthcare providers can work towards early detection and treatment of the disease. Encouraging healthy eating habits, supplementation when necessary, and addressing social determinants of health can help prevent the resurgence of scurvy and ensure better overall health outcomes for individuals at risk.
