July 1938 was hot, with that summer being the warmest of the last century. Aitor García, a young historian and heritage technician from Fayón, has been preparing for the weekend when the municipality relives one of the most dramatic events in its history and in the Spanish Civil War, the Battle of the Ebro. This is the only reenactment in the country that takes place on land, river, and air, and it has brought the population of just 300 inhabitants to 3,000. The battle took place when Republican forces landed and took the Ebro riverbank in this Aragonese town on the border with Catalonia. Despite an initial victory, the final outcome favored the Nationalist troops, ultimately deciding the end of the Civil War. Now, 86 years later, 300 reenactors are gathered to bring these events back to life, with even an acrobatic fighter plane replicating the bombing strategies and gunning that occurred that day.
In a time of forgetfulness, Fayón uses the remembrance of the Battle of the Ebro for knowledge and social usefulness. Miguel Sanz, a provincial deputy from Zaragoza, emphasizes that the events in this municipality represent more than just a battle; they encompass the local history and the impact on the community. Among the recreations planned for the event is the dissolution of the Municipal Council of Fayón by the Nationalist forces, which administered civil and economic life in the town during the war. The locals are actively involved in revitalizing their history, with older residents contributing by cleaning trenches and preparing the battlefield. The aim is for the residents to pass on their stories to future generations, paying homage to their parents and grandparents.
Fayón’s population collaborates in various ways to ensure the success of the reenactment. Younger generations are enthusiastic participants, while older residents take on tasks such as cleaning trenches and providing services to visitors. The small municipality is bustling this weekend, with all accommodations fully booked and international interest in the event. Participants from France will embody the International Brigades, adding another layer of authenticity to the reenactment. Vehicles and equipment used are period-accurate, including a Russian BA-6 armored vehicle, a Ford truck, an original Chevrolet ambulance from the Battle of the Ebro, and various motorcycles from that era.
Fayón is also home to the War Museum, housing an extensive collection of artifacts from the Spanish Civil War. The museum showcases over 1,300 original explosive devices from the conflict, as well as aviation materials, vehicles, weapons, and military logistics equipment. The museum’s exhibits include recreated trenches, hospitals, and a portable radio studio from the period, offering a comprehensive insight into the war. Much of the museum’s collection has been gathered by Fayón residents over the years, reflecting their dedication to preserving their history. With the possibility of losing funding due to the repeal of the Memory Democratic Act, the municipality is hopeful that they will continue to receive support for their projects moving forward. The reenactment in Mequinenza this weekend serves as a poignant reminder of the past, ensuring that the events of the Battle of the Ebro are not forgotten.
