Parkinson’s disease is a progressive condition in which parts of the brain become damaged over many years, leading to symptoms such as tremors, slowness of movement, muscle stiffness, balance problems, loss of smell, nerve pain, excessive sweating, and more. Some early signs include a barely noticeable tremor, lack of expression, slurred speech, and limb movement difficulties. While the exact cause of Parkinson’s disease is not known, it is believed to be a result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors, such as the loss of nerve cells in a part of the brain. Currently, there is no definitive test for Parkinson’s disease, but doctors can make a diagnosis based on symptoms, medical history, and physical examinations.
In the UK, around 145,000 people live with Parkinson’s disease, according to the charity Parkinson’s UK. If someone is diagnosed with the disease, they are legally required to contact the DVLA for a medical or driving assessment. It is also advised to inform insurance providers and seek out financial support. Treatment options for Parkinson’s disease aim to reduce symptoms and improve quality of life, including medication, therapy, exercise, and surgery. Medications commonly used for Parkinson’s disease include levodopa, dopamine agonists, and MAO-B inhibitors, each with potential side effects such as impulsive behavior, hallucinations, sleep issues, and blood pressure changes.
Therapies available through the NHS for Parkinson’s disease include physiotherapy to reduce muscle stiffness, occupational therapy to assist with day-to-day tasks, and speech and language coaching. While Parkinson’s disease may not significantly change life expectancy for most people, more advanced symptoms can lead to increased disability, poor health, cognitive issues, and changes in mood and mental health. Exercise is encouraged for those with Parkinson’s, with research suggesting that 2.5 hours of exercise per week can help slow the progression of symptoms. It is important for individuals diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease to seek out support, treatment, and lifestyle changes to help manage the condition and improve daily functioning.
