The Caspian Sea, bordering Russia’s southern regions, is facing significant environmental challenges such as industrial pollution, falling water levels, and more. The Caspian seal, a species unique to this region, has seen a drastic decline in numbers due to these environmental issues. Without immediate action, scientists predict that the species could go extinct within the next two decades. In an effort to address this crisis, Russia proposed recognizing the Caspian seal as “under threat of extinction” to ramp up preservation efforts, although experts warn that progress is moving too slowly.
The Caspian seal has been listed as an endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature since 2008 and is classified as “rare” in Russia’s Red Book of rare and endangered species. The Natural Resources Ministry in Russia seeks to upgrade its status to “under the threat of extinction,” highlighting the urgent need for conservation measures. The population of Caspian seals has dropped by nearly 80% since the early 20th century, with threats such as poaching, industrial pollution, habitat loss, climate change, and ecosystem changes contributing to their decline.
Historically, hunting for fur and blubber has been a key factor in the population decline of the Caspian seal, although hunting is now illegal in all five Caspian countries. The primary human-induced threat to the species is poaching, with several thousand seals culled every year. Other stressors include shipping near breeding grounds, pollution, and food source depletion from overfishing. The Caspian Sea is polluted with various toxic substances, leading scientists to diagnose the seals with “cumulative toxicosis.” Climate change exacerbates the situation by impacting ice cover, breeding habitats, and sea levels, further stressing the species.
Despite the challenges facing the Caspian seal, experts offer reasons for optimism, noting the species’ potential for recovery and adaptability. The urgency lies in designating key habitats as protected areas to ensure the survival of the species. Developing alternative livelihoods for fishing communities and adopting sustainable practices are essential steps in conservation efforts. International organizations can support national conservation initiatives, while individuals can contribute by refraining from consuming threatened species and advocating for conservation measures. The decision to conserve the Caspian seal rests in the hands of people, emphasizing the importance of taking action to prevent the species from slipping away.
In the face of unprecedented challenges, including labeling by Russian authorities as an “undesirable” organization, The Moscow Times continues to strive for accurate and unbiased reporting on critical issues such as the Caspian seal’s conservation. Support from readers is crucial to sustaining independent journalism and advocating for endangered species like the Caspian seal. By standing with organizations like The Moscow Times, individuals can defend open journalism and contribute to conservation efforts. The urgency of protecting species like the Caspian seal underscores the importance of taking action now to prevent their extinction.
