The Canadian government has issued a travel advisory warning pregnant individuals about the risks of visiting certain countries in the Americas due to outbreaks of Oropouche fever, a zoonotic disease transmitted by insects that live in sloths. The virus has been reported in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru, with over 8,000 confirmed cases, and has also spread to Cuba. The advisory recommends taking necessary health precautions to protect against the virus, which is transmitted by tiny flies called midges and mosquitoes, particularly for pregnant individuals as there are concerns about transmission to the unborn baby, leading to negative pregnancy outcomes including stillbirth and congenital microcephaly.
The Level 1 travel advisory currently applies to Colombia, Cuba, Brazil, Bolivia, and Peru. Travellers, especially pregnant individuals, are advised to strictly follow bug bite prevention recommendations and discuss the risks with their health care provider before travelling. Precautions that can be taken during the trip to prevent insect bites include using repellent or bug spray, mosquito netting, covering up with light-colored loose clothing, and protecting living areas with well-screened windows and doors as well as air conditioning. It is recommended to limit outdoor activities when midges and mosquitoes are most active, wear approved insecticide-treated clothing, and be aware that mosquitoes are most active at night, while midges are most active in the afternoon.
There is currently no specific vaccine or treatment for Oropouche fever, which is related to diseases such as Zika and dengue fever. The virus has traditionally been circulating in Central and South America, but this year, it has also spread to new locations like Cuba, Italy, and Spain. Symptoms typically appear three to eight days after an insect bite and include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, headache, joint and muscle pain, sensitivity to light, and pain behind the eyes. In rare cases, Oropouche fever can lead to severe complications such as aseptic meningitis, which is inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain.
Travellers, including pregnant individuals, are advised to consult their health-care provider at least six weeks before travelling to affected destinations. It is essential to follow recommended bug bite prevention measures and take necessary precautions to avoid being bitten by midges and mosquitoes. It is also recommended to use insect repellent, wear protective clothing, and protect living areas from insects. The Canadian government continues to monitor the situation and provide updates on the virus and travel advisories for affected regions.
Overall, the advisory aims to raise awareness about the risks associated with Oropouche fever and provide guidance for travellers, especially pregnant individuals, on how to protect themselves from the virus. By following the recommended precautions, consulting with healthcare providers, and staying informed about the situation, travellers can reduce their risk of infection and prevent potential negative health outcomes associated with the disease. The Canadian government is committed to ensuring the safety and well-being of its citizens and urges all travellers to take necessary precautions when visiting regions affected by the virus.
