Ranked choice voting (RCV) is a practice that has gained popularity in recent elections, particularly in Alaska, Maine, and Virginia. This process involves voters ranking candidates in order of preference, with several rounds of tabulation taking place to determine the winner. Some view RCV as a way to improve the electoral process and encourage voter engagement, while others argue that it can benefit extreme and wealthy candidates.
In Virginia, RCV was used in the 2021 gubernatorial sweeps, leading to Glenn Youngkin winning the Republican nomination. Former Virginia State Del. Chris Saxman credits RCV for a political shakeup in the state, with Republicans who had been out of power suddenly taking top positions. This success was attributed to the way RCV was implemented in a strategic manner, leading to increased fundraising and support for the party.
However, in Alaska, there has been pushback against RCV, with many blaming the system for the election of Democratic Rep. Mary Peltola in a traditionally Republican state. Critics argue that the system allows for a smaller pool of voters to elect a candidate and can lead to confusion among voters. Some claim that RCV ultimately benefits candidates with substantial financial support and may not be as effective in promoting moderate candidates.
In Maine, RCV played a role in Democrat Jared Golden’s surprise victory over incumbent GOP Rep. Bruce Poliquin in 2018. While some have criticized the system, Peltola defended RCV in Alaska, stating that it gives a voice to a broader range of voters who may not align strictly with either major party. She attributes the success of candidates like herself to the open-primary system, allowing for more diversity in candidates.
The debate over RCV continues, with ballot measures appearing in various states to either implement or ban the practice. While some see RCV as a way to improve the electoral process and reduce extremism, others believe it can have unintended consequences and benefit certain candidates unfairly. The discussion around RCV is likely to continue as more states consider implementing the system in future elections.
