The ketogenic diet, popularized in the early 2000s with the belief that “fat is not the enemy,” has come under scrutiny in a recent study published in the March 2024 issue of Current Problems in Cardiology. The study, conducted by Joanna Popiolek-Kalisz, MD and PhD, found that while the diet led to rapid weight loss, it was mostly water weight and did not result in any lasting health benefits. In fact, Popiolek-Kalisz states that the ketogenic diet does not meet the criteria of a healthy diet and is associated with negative effects on heart health, such as an increase in LDL cholesterol levels.
The low-carb nature of the ketogenic diet, which focuses on high-fat and low-carb foods, is a cause for concern according to Popiolek-Kalisz. She suggests that a low-carb diet pattern is more beneficial for overall heart health compared to very low-carbohydrate diets like the ketogenic diet. The emphasis on fats in the keto diet can lead to a higher risk of heart disease, clogged arteries, and death due to increased levels of LDL cholesterol. Additionally, studies have shown that the keto diet can result in deficiencies in essential vitamins and minerals, as well as an excess intake of fat-soluble vitamin K, which is unhealthy for the heart.
Other low-carb dietary plans, such as the Atkins diet, the paleo diet, and the South Beach diet, have similar concerns when it comes to potential negative health effects. The keto diet’s decline in popularity is evident in the International Food Information Council’s annual study, which reports that more than half of Americans follow a specific diet or eating pattern. The keto diet dropped in popularity by 4% compared to 2023, and this downward trend is likely to continue as more evidence surfaces regarding its potential risks and lack of long-term health benefits.
In conclusion, the ketogenic diet’s high-fat, low-carb approach may not be as beneficial for overall health as once believed. The emphasis on fats can lead to increased levels of LDL cholesterol and potentially harmful effects on heart health. Popiolek-Kalisz’s study highlights the importance of considering the long-term impact of dietary choices and suggests that a low-carb diet pattern may be more beneficial for heart health. As the popularity of the keto diet continues to wane, it is important for individuals to consider the potential risks and benefits of any diet before making significant changes to their eating habits.
