The Air Force is embarking on a groundbreaking shift towards AI-controlled aircraft to enhance security, reduce costs, and gain strategic advantages in future conflicts. With plans for a fleet of more than 1,000 unmanned warplanes by 2028, the Air Force is aggressively embracing AI technology. The recent test flight at Edwards Air Force Base, where an AI-controlled F-16 engaged in aerial combat maneuvers in the presence of Air Force Secretary Frank Kendall, showcased the potential of AI in air combat scenarios.
Despite concerns from arms control experts and humanitarian groups about the potential for autonomous weapons to make life-and-death decisions without human oversight, Kendall emphasized that there will always be human supervision when weapons are used. The military’s adoption of AI-enabled planes is driven by the need for improved security in the face of evolving threats from adversaries like China, as well as cost considerations due to delays and cost overruns in traditional manned fighter programs.
The AI-controlled F-16, named Vista, demonstrated impressive flying capabilities during the test flight, showcasing its ability to perform lightning-fast maneuvers at high speeds and pressures. This real-world performance data is then utilized to further train the AI system, enabling it to learn and adapt from each engagement. While China also has AI capabilities, there are indications that the U.S. is ahead in developing AI-controlled aircraft that operate outside of simulators.
The shift towards AI-enabled aircraft is seen as a crucial step to maintain a competitive edge in future conflicts and reduce risks to pilot lives. The reliance on unmanned aircraft for advanced attacks on enemy defenses could provide the U.S. with a strategic advantage in penetrating airspace with reduced risks. The rapid learning capabilities of AI systems in actual flights highlight the potential for AI to outperform human pilots in air combat scenarios, raising concerns about potential job losses for pilots.
As the Air Force continues to invest in AI technology for military aviation, the need for constant innovation and adaptation is emphasized by the test pilots and military operators involved in the program. The evolving nature of AI-controlled aircraft presents new challenges and opportunities for the future of air combat, where AI could play a crucial role in shaping the way war is waged. With ongoing advancements in AI technology, the Air Force is positioning itself for a future where AI-enabled aircraft are at the forefront of military operations, ensuring readiness and maintaining the national security interests of the United States.