As Canadians transition from winter to spring and bid farewell to the flu season, health experts warn that other microbial threats may emerge as the days grow warmer. While the common cold and flu may recede in warmer months, other viruses such as enteroviruses can become more prevalent during the summer. Enteroviruses, which comprise over 100 types, can range from mild cold-like symptoms to more severe respiratory and neurological conditions. Transmission of enteroviruses is often waterborne, making individuals more susceptible during the summer months when people engage in water-related activities.
A classic example of an enterovirus is polio, which was a significant concern before the development of a vaccine. Hand, foot and mouth disease is another enterovirus that tends to emerge during the summer months, particularly affecting children due to their reduced immunity. Although not usually serious, this disease can cause painful blisters on the hands, feet, and mouth. Additionally, the common cold, caused by the rhinovirus, can occur in the warmer months, although less frequently than in the spring.
COVID-19 has not shown a distinct seasonal pattern like influenza or rhinovirus, instead, it remains a threat year-round due to its high contagion rate. While cases of COVID-19 have decreased in Canada, the risk of contracting the virus remains real, especially in crowded places with poor air quality. Norovirus, a highly contagious virus that causes acute gastroenteritis, is another threat that tends to proliferate in warmer weather. Commonly referred to as the stomach flu, norovirus spreads through contaminated food, water, surfaces, or direct contact with infected individuals.
Arboviruses, transmitted by mosquitoes, ticks, or sandflies, are another group of viruses that can resurface during the summer months. West Nile virus, carried by mosquitoes, can cause flu-like symptoms in infected individuals. While outbreaks of West Nile virus are more common in Western parts of Canada, cases can still be seen in Ontario. Powassan virus, transmitted by ticks, is rare but can lead to serious illness. Basic handwashing skills and using hand sanitizer are emphasized as effective methods to prevent the transmission of various viruses that may surface during the warmer months.
As Canadians prepare for the emergence of other viruses during the warmer months, health experts stress the importance of hand hygiene as a simple and effective method of prevention. With enteroviruses, norovirus, and arboviruses potentially resurfacing in the summer, basic practices such as handwashing and carrying hand sanitizer can provide protection against various microbial threats. While the flu season may be coming to an end, it’s essential to remain vigilant against other viruses that thrive in warmer weather and can cause a range of illnesses from mild symptoms to more severe conditions. By practicing good hand hygiene and taking necessary precautions, individuals can reduce the risk of contracting these viruses and stay healthy during the summer months.
