Weight loss surgery is seen as the most effective option for achieving and maintaining weight loss compared to lifestyle interventions, according to researchers. GLP-1 drugs, such as Ozempic and Wegovy, have shown promise in helping people lose weight, but weight often returns once the medications are discontinued. Studies have shown that 10 years after bariatric surgery, individuals still weigh 25% less than before their operation, demonstrating long-term benefits of the procedure over other weight loss methods.
In a study presented at the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery’s 2024 Annual Scientific Meeting, researchers found that bariatric surgery provided more significant and sustained weight loss compared to GLP-1 medications such as Ozempic and Wegovy. The researchers conducted systematic reviews of studies published between 2020 and 2024, which included thousands of individuals from clinical studies and randomized trials. They reported that lifestyle interventions resulted in an average weight loss of 7% of body weight, but weight was typically regained within 4 years.
Experts in the field of bariatric surgery emphasize the effectiveness of weight loss surgery, with Dr. Mir Ali stating that it is the most durable treatment for obesity. Dr. Mitchell Roslin adds that surgery has lasting results in controlling weight and diabetes, surpassing the effectiveness of GLP medications in maintaining weight loss. However, lifestyle changes are still crucial in supporting weight loss, even after surgery, to prevent weight regain. Diet, exercise, and commitment to permanent changes are essential factors in sustaining weight loss post-surgery.
GLP-1 agonists, such as Ozempic and Wegovy, are commonly used to treat obesity and diabetes by managing hunger and lowering glucose levels. These medications are typically injectables, with some available in a daily tablet form. While these drugs offer a less invasive option compared to surgery, insurance coverage and cost can be barriers for some individuals. Additionally, hunger control provided by the medications may lead to weight regain once treatment is discontinued, similar to how blood pressure control changes when blood pressure medications are stopped.
Determining the best weight loss strategy, whether it be bariatric surgery, lifestyle changes, or medication, depends on individual health conditions, weight loss goals, and health history. Consulting healthcare professionals for an evaluation and discussion of preferences and goals can help in deciding on the most suitable plan. Considering factors like BMI, treatment efficacy, potential drawbacks, and sustainability can aid in selecting an effective weight loss approach tailored to individual needs. Ultimately, the goal is to address obesity as a chronic disease that can lead to various health complications if left unmanaged.
The World Health Organization recognizes obesity as a chronic disease that can have significant impacts on overall health. The condition is associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, certain cancers, and can negatively affect quality of life and immune function. Obesity is often measured using BMI, with a measurement of 25 or higher indicating overweight and 30 or higher indicating obesity. In the United States, obesity affects approximately 42% of the population, highlighting the importance of effective and sustainable weight loss strategies in managing this prevalent health issue.
